This document was created from the data gathered by the BoardGameGeek users “sinfonye” (PDF) and “meisterchow” (PDF) respectively.
Europa was a massive effort to include everything in the European Theater into a single cohesive unified game engine; and the color combinations they picked were very influential, as many of their games were later converted into TOAW scenarios in the 2000s.
SPANISH CIVIL WAR (SCW) COUNTERS |
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Nationality/Group |
Color Combination |
Visual Example |
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Insurgents, Nationalist |
Black on yellow |
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Insurgents, Colonial |
white on yellow |
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Insurgents, Falangist |
white/black on yellow |
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Insurgents, Requete |
black/white on yellow |
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Insurgents, German |
black on light blue |
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Insurgents, Italian |
black on light grey green |
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Insurgents, Mixed |
white on light grey green |
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Loyalist, People's Army |
black on purple |
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Loyalist, International |
white on purple |
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Loyalist, Asturian |
black/white on brown |
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Loyalist, Basque |
white on brown |
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Loyalist, Catalan |
black on brown |
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Loyalist, Santandero |
white/black on brown |
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Loyalist, Anarchist |
black on light rust |
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Loyalist, POUM |
white on light rust |
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WW2 GENERIC COUNTERS |
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Nationality/Group |
Color Combination |
Visual Example |
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Axis Bandits |
blue on black |
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Axis Puppets |
white on gray-green |
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General Allied Forces |
gray on white |
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Partisans, Anti-Soviet |
blue on black |
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Partisans, Nationalist |
blue-gray on white |
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WW2 AXIS COUNTERS |
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Nationality/Group |
Color Combination |
Visual Example |
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Germany, Wehrmacht (Heer) |
black on gray-green |
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Germany, Winterized |
black/white on gray-green |
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Germany, Corps HQs |
black/white on gray-green |
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Germany, Brandenburgers (OKW) |
white/black on gray-green |
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Germany, Waffen-SS |
white on black |
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Germany, SS Police |
red on black |
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Germany, Luftwaffe ground units |
black on light blue |
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Germany, Foreign & Special Contingents |
white on gray-green |
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Germany, Hitler Youth |
gray-green on black |
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Germany, Eastern Troops (Osttruppen) |
gray-green on white |
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Germany, Sailors |
white on dark blue |
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Germany, Luftwaffe |
black on light blue |
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Germany, Luftwaffe |
black on gray-green |
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Germany, Transports on parachute duties |
black on light blue |
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Germany, Floatplanes |
white on dark blue |
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Germany, Kriegsmarine |
black on light blue |
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Germany, Kriegsmarine |
black on blue |
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Germany, Kriegsmarine |
black on dark blue |
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Germany, Kriegsmarine |
black on medium blue |
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Italy, Italian Armed Forces |
black on light gray-green |
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Italy, CCNN (Blackshirts) |
yellow-green on black |
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Italy, Albanian |
white on gray-green |
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Italy, Cobelligerant |
black on light gray-green |
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Italy, Colonial Troops |
white on light green |
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Italy, Native Units |
black/white on light green |
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Italy, RSI Armed Forces |
black on yellow-green |
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Italy, RSI CCNN (Blackshirts) |
yellow-green on black |
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Italy, Regia Aeronautica |
black on light gray-green |
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Italy, Regia Marina |
black on light gray-green |
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Finland (Finnish Armed Forces) |
dark blue on white |
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Finland (Foreign Volunteers) |
white on dark blue |
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Bulgaria |
white on blue-gray |
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Hungary |
black on blue-gray |
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Romania |
white on dark blue |
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Slovakia |
black on dark blue |
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WW2 ALLIED MAJORS |
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Nationality/Group |
Color Combination |
Visual Example |
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British Empire, British Army |
black on tan |
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British Empire, British Army |
black on light brown |
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British Empire, British Empire/Inter-Allied |
black on medium brown |
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British Empire, Commonwealth |
white on brown |
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British Empire, Australia |
white/black on brown |
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British Empire, Australia |
white on dark brown |
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British Empire, Australia |
white on brown |
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British Empire, Canada |
black on dark brown |
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British Empire, Canada |
black on brown |
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British Empire, New Zealand |
black/white on brown |
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British Empire, New Zealand |
black/white on dark brown |
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British Empire, New Zealand |
white on brown |
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British Empire, South Africa |
white/black on dark brown |
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British Empire, Colonial Forces |
brown/black on white |
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British Empire, Colonial Forces |
brown on white |
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British Empire, Indian Army |
brown on white |
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British Empire, Indian State Forces |
black/brown on white |
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British Empire, Royal Marines |
black on light gray |
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British Empire, Royal Marines |
brown on white |
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British Empire, Royal Air Force |
black on light brown |
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British Empire, Royal Air Force |
black on tan |
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British Empire, Royal Air Force |
black on light tan |
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British Empire, Fleet Air Arm |
black on light gray |
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British Empire, Royal Navy |
black on light gray |
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France, Metropolitan French |
black on blue |
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France, Metropolitan French |
black on "French" blue |
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France, Metropolitan French |
black on gray |
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France, Metropolitan French |
blue/blue with white on gray |
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France, Army of Africa |
white on "French" blue |
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France, French Foreign Legion |
black/white on blue |
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France, French Foreign Legion |
black/white on "French" blue |
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France, French Foreign Legion |
blue/white on gray |
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France, French Colonial |
white on blue |
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France, French Colonial |
white/black on "French" blue |
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France, French Colonial |
black/white on "French" blue |
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France, Polish Troops |
white on brick red |
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France, Czech Troops |
black on brick red |
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France, Free French |
blue on light blue |
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France, Free French |
white on brown |
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France, Free French |
black on olive |
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France, Free French |
black on green |
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USSR, Regulars |
black on gold-brown |
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USSR, Winterized/Winter-capable |
white on gold-brown |
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USSR, Foreign Contingent |
gold-brown on white |
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USSR, Regular Army HQs |
black/white on gold-brown |
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USSR, Guards |
black on red |
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USSR, Guards Army HQs |
black/white on red |
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USSR, Air Defense Force |
black on light gold-brown |
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USSR, Militia |
red on white |
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USSR, NKVD |
white on red |
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USSR, Soviet Partisans |
black on light red |
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USSR, Pro-Soviet Polish Partisans |
black on light red |
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USSR, Soviet Air Force |
black on light gold-brown |
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USSR, Soviet Navy |
white on dark red |
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USSR, Soviet Navy |
red on light red |
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USA, US Army |
white on olive |
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USA, USMC |
white on battleship gray |
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USA, OSS |
black/white on olive |
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USA, Devil's Brigade (US/CAN) |
white/black on olive |
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USA, USAAF |
black on light olive |
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USA, USAAF |
white on olive |
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USA, USN |
white on battleship gray |
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USA, USN |
black on gray |
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WW2 ALLIED MINORS |
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Nationality/Group |
Color Combination |
Visual Example |
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Belgium |
olive on white |
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Belgium |
black on green |
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Belgium (Colonial) |
white on light green |
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Brazil |
black on olive |
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Greece |
black/white on red |
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Greece |
black on orange |
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Greece |
dark blue/white on medium blue |
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Denmark |
blue on yellow |
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Netherlands |
white/black on red |
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Netherlands |
white on orange |
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Norway |
red on white |
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Norway |
white on dark green |
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Norway |
blue/white on red |
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Poland |
white on red |
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Poland |
white on crimson |
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Poland |
blue on white |
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Poland |
white on brown |
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Poland |
red/red with white on gray |
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WW2 MINORS |
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Nationality/Group |
Color Combination |
Visual Example |
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Czechoslovakia |
black on red |
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Egypt |
purple on white |
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Ethiopia |
black/white on light red |
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Ethiopia (Partisans) |
white on light tan |
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Iran |
black on light purple |
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Iraq |
black on purple |
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Irish Free State |
white on green |
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Saudi Arabia |
black/blue on light brown |
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Estonia |
dark yellow on white |
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Latvia |
white on dark yellow |
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Lithuania |
black on dark yellow |
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Portugal |
black on rust |
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Spain, Spanish Regulars |
black on yellow |
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Spain, Colonial |
white on yellow |
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Sudanese |
brown on white |
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Switzerland |
white on crimson |
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Transjordan |
black/white on purple |
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Turkey |
black on malachite |
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Yemen |
blue/black on light brown |
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Yugoslavia |
white on dark brown |
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Yugoslavia |
blue/red on white |
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