U.S. Navy Destroyer Escort Lineages, Cold War to Modern (DE 1006 to DE 1107 / AGDE 1 / DEG 1 to DEG 11 / FFG 1 to FFG 61 / LCS 1 to LCS 38)

U.S. Navy Destroyer Escort Lineages
Cold War to Modern

DE 1006 to DE 1107
AGDE 1
DEG 1 to DEG 11
FFG 1 to FFG 61
LCS 1 to LCS 38

(Created around 2010/2011)
(Updated 16 April 2023)

Bibliography

Register of ships of the U.S. Navy, 1775-1990: Major Combatants by Karl Jack Bauer and Stephen S. Roberts
Wikipedia

2019 Update Note: This page had last been updated around September 2011; and as a result large swathes of Oliver Hazard Perry FFGs were listed as “Active Duty” when they had all been retired by around 2016. This error has been rectified.

2023 Update Note: Added more LCS information and the new Constellation FFGs.

Gun Destroyer Escort / Frigate Lineage

NOTE: In 1975, Destroyer Escorts (DEs) were redesignated Frigates (FFs).

Hull #	Name	Class	Shipyard	FY	LAID	LNCH	COMM	DECOM	STRICK	Notes
DE-1006	Dealey	Dealey (SCB-72)	Bath	FY52	15 Oct 52	8 Nov 53	3 Jun 54	Unknown	28 Jul 72	Given to Uruguay on 28 Jul 1972 as ROU 18 de Julio. Stricken 1991 and sold for scrap then.
DE-1007	FS Le Normand	E-52a	Ch. de la Med.	FY52	Jul 53	13 Feb 54	No	No	No	MDAP procurement. Formally turned over to France on 10 Oct 1956.
DE-1008	FS Le Lorrain	E-52a	Ch. de la Med.	FY52	Feb 54	19 Jun 54	No	No	No	MDAP procurement. Formally turned over to France on 20 Dec 1956
DE-1009	FS Le Picard	E-52a	A. C. Loire	FY52	Nov 53	31 May 54	No	No	No	MDAP procurement. Formally turned over to France on 31 Aug 1956
DE-1010	FS Le Gascon	E-52a	A. C. Loire	FY52	Feb 54	23 Oct 54	No	No	No	MDAP procurement. Formally turned over to France on 29 Mar 1957
DE-1011	FS Le Champenois	E-52a	A. C. Loire	FY52	May 54	12 Mar 55	No	No	No	MDAP procurement. Formally turned over to France on 20 May 1957
DE-1012	FS Le Savoyard	E-52a	Ch. de la Med.	FY52	Nov 53	7 May 55	No	No	No	MDAP procurement. Formally turned over to France on 20 May 1957
DE-1013	FS Le Bourguignon	E-52a	Penhoet	FY52	Jan 54	28 Jan 56	No	No	No	MDAP procurement. Formally turned over to France on 12 Jun 1957
DE-1014	Cromwell	Dealey (SCB-72)	Bath	FY53	3 Aug 53	4 Jun 54	24 Nov 54	Unknown	5 Jul 72	Was to be given to New Zealand, but this failed. Sold for Scrap on 15 Jun 1973
DE-1015	Hammerberg	Dealey (SCB-72)	Bath	FY53	12 Nov 53	20 Aug 54	2 Mar 55	Unknown	14 Dec 73
DE-1016	FS Le Corse	E-50	Lorient	FY52	Oct 51	5 Aug 52	No	No	No	MDAP procurement. Formally turned over to France on 5 Aug 1952
DE-1017	FS Le Brestois	E-50	Lorient	FY52	Nov 51	16 Aug 52	No	No	No	MDAP procurement. Formally turned over to France on 16 Dec 1952
DE-1018	FS Le Boulonnais	E-50	A. C. Loire	FY52	Mar 52	12 May 53	No	No	No	MDAP procurement. Formally turned over to France on 12 May 1953
DE-1019	FS Le Bordelais	E-50	Ch. de la Med.	FY52	Feb 52	11 Jul 53	No	No	No	MDAP procurement. Formally turned over to France on 11 Jul 1953
DE-1020	ITS Cigno	Canopo	Cant. Nav. di Taranto	FY53	10 Feb 54	20 Mar 55	No	No	No	MDAP procurement. Formally turned over to Italy on 7 Mar 1957
DE-1021	Courtney	Dealey (SCB-72)	Defoe	FY54	2 Sep 54	2 Nov 55	24 Sep 56	Unknown	14 Dec 73
DE-1022	Lester	Dealey (SCB-72)	Defoe	FY54	2 Sep 54	5 Jan 56	14 Jun 57	Unknown	14 Dec 73
DE-1023	Evans	Dealey (SCB-72)	Puget Sd. Br.	FY55	8 Apr 55	14 Sep 55	14 Jun 57	Unknown	3 Dec 73
DE-1024	Bridget	Dealey (SCB-72)	Puget Sd. Br.	FY55	19 Sep 55	25 Apr 56	24 Oct 57	Unknown	12 Nov 73
DE-1025	Bauer	Dealey (SCB-72)	Alameda	FY55	1 Dec 55	4 Jun 57	21 Nov 57	Unknown	3 Dec 73	Was to be given to Turkey, but after this failed, she was sold for scrap on 22 Aug 1974.
DE-1026	Hooper	Dealey (SCB-72)	Alameda	FY55	4 Jan 56	1 Aug 57	18 Mar 58	Unknown	6 Jul 73
DE-1027	John Willis (Ex Gatch)	Dealey (SCB-72)	New York SB	FY55	5 Jul 55	4 Feb 56	21 Feb 57	Unknown	14 Jul 72	Renamed on 19 Jul 1956.
DE-1028	Van Voorhis	Dealey (SCB-72)	New York SB	FY55	29 Aug 55	26 Jul 56	22 Apr 57	Unknown	1 Jul 72
DE-1029	Hartley	Dealey (SCB-72)	New York SB	FY55	31 Oct 55	24 Nov 56	26 Jun 57	Unknown	8 Jul 72	Given to Colombia on 8 Jul 1972 as ARC Boyaca. Stricken in 1994. Museum ship in Guatape.
DE-1030	Joseph K. Taussig	Dealey (SCB-72)	New York SB	FY55	3 Jan 56	9 Mar 57	10 Sep 57	Unknown	1 Jul 72
DE-1031	ITS Castore	Canopo	Cant. Nav. de Taranto	FY54	14 Mar 55	8 Jul 56	No	No	No	MDAP procurement. Formally turned over to Italy on 14 Jul 1957.
DE-1032	NRP Pero Escobar	Pero Escobar	Navalmecc. Castellammare	FY54	7 Jan 55	25 Sep 55	No	No	No	MDAP procurement. Formally turned over to Portugal on 30 Jun 1957.
DE-1033	Claud Jones	Claud Jones (SCB-131)	Avondale	FY56	1 Jun 57	27 May 58	10 Feb 59	Unknown	16 Dec 74	Given to Indonesia on 16 Dec 1974 as Mongonsidi
DE-1034	John R. Perry	Claud Jones (SCB-131)	Avondale	FY56	1 Oct 57	29 Jul 58	5 May 59	Unknown	20 Feb 73	Given to Indonesia on 20 Feb 1973 as Samadikun
DE-1035	Charles Berry	Claud Jones (SCB-131)	Avondale	FY57	29 Oct 58	17 Mar 59	25 Nov 59	Unknown	31 Jan 74	Given to Indonesia on 31 Jan 1974 as Martadinata
DE-1036	McMorris	Claud Jones (SCB-131)	Avondale	FY57	5 Nov 58	26 May 59	4 Mar 60	Unknown	16 Dec 74	Given to Indonesia on 16 Dec 1974 as Ngurah Rai.
DE-1037	Bronstein	Bronstein (SCB-199)	Avondale	FY60	16 May 61	31 Mar 62	15 Jun 63	13 Dec 90	13 Dec 90	Given to Mexico on 1 Oct 1993 as ARM Hermenegildo Galeana.
DE-1038	McCloy	Bronstein (SCB-199)	Avondale	FY60	15 Sep 61	9 Jun 62	21 Oct 63	14 Dec 90	17 Dec 90	Given to Mexico on 1 Oct 1993 as ARM Nicolás Bravo.
DE-1039	NRP Almirante Pereira Da Silva	Modified Dealey	Lisnave	FY60	14 Jun 62	2 Dec 63	No	No	No	MDAP procurement. Formally turned over to Portugal on 20 Dec 1966
DE-1040	Garcia	Garcia (SCB-199A)	Beth-SF	FY61	16 Oct 62	3 Oct 63	21 Dec 64	31 Jan 89	31 Jan 89	Given to Pakistan on 31 Jan 1989 as Saif. Returned to USN on 13 Jan 1994 and sold for scrap on 29 Mar 1994.
DE-1041	Bradley	Garcia (SCB-199A)	Beth-SF	FY61	17 Jan 63	26 Mar 64	15 May 65	30 Sep 88	24 Jan 01	Given to Brazil on 15 Apr 1989 as Pernambuco. Decommissioned 11 Mar 2004. In reserve.
DE-1042	NRP Almirante Gago Coutinho	Modified Dealey	Lisnave	FY61	2 Dec 63	30 Aug 65	No	No	No	MDAP procurement. Formally turned over to Portugal on 29 Nov 1967.
DE-1043	Edward McDonnell	Garcia (SCB-199A)	Avondale	FY62	1 Apr 63	15 Feb 64	15 Feb 65	30 Sep 88	15 Dec 92
DE-1044	Brumby	Garcia (SCB-199A)	Avondale	FY62	1 Aug 63	6 Jun 64	5 Aug 65	31 Mar 89	1 Jul 94	Given to Pakistan on 31 Mar 1989 as Harbah. Returned to USN Custody on 9 Sep 1994. In reserve as part of NDRF.
DE-1045	Davidson	Garcia (SCB-199A)	Avondale	FY62	30 Sep 63	2 Oct 64	7 Dec 65	8 Dec 88	24 Jan 01	Given to Brazil on 15 Apr 1989 as Paraiba. Decommissioned 26 Jul 2002. Sank while under tow to scrappers in 2005.
DE-1046	NRP Almirante Magalhaes Correia	Modified Dealey	Viana	FY62	1 Sep 63	26 Apr 65	No	No	No	MDAP procurement. Formally turned over to Portugal on 7 Nov 1968.
DE-1047	Voge	Garcia (SCB-199A)	Defoe	FY63	21 Nov 63	4 Feb 65	25 Nov 66	1 Aug 89	15 Dec 92
DE-1048	Sample	Garcia (SCB-199A)	Puget Sd. Br.	FY63	19 Jul 63	28 Apr 64	23 Mar 68	23 Sep 88	24 Jan 01	Given to Brazil on 15 Apr 1989 as Parana. Sold for scrap in Dec 2004.
DE-1049	Koelsch	Garcia (SCB-199A)	Defoe	FY63	19 Feb 65	8 Jun 65	10 Jun 67	31 May 89	1 Jul 94	Given to Pakistan on 31 May 1989 as Siqqat. Repossessed in Singapore on 19 Aug 1994. Subsequently scrapped in Hong Kong.
DE-1050	Albert David	Garcia (SCB-199A)	Puget Sd. Br.	FY63	29 Apr 64	19 Dec 64	19 Oct 68	18 Sep 89	24 Jan 01	Given to Brazil on 18 Sep 1989 as Pará. Decommissioned 12 Nov 2008. Now in reserve.
DE-1051	O'Callahan	Garcia (SCB-199A)	Defoe	FY63	19 Feb 64	20 Oct 65	13 Jul 68	20 Dec 88	29 Nov 93	Given to Pakistan on 8 Feb 1989 as Aslat. Repossessed in Singapore on 19 Aug 1994. Subsequently scrapped in Hong Kong.
DE-1052	Knox	Knox (SCB-199C)	Todd, Seattle	FY64	5 Oct 65	19 Nov 66	12 Apr 69	14 Feb 92	11 Jan 95	Sunk as target off Guam on 7 Aug 2007.
DE-1053	Roark	Knox (SCB-199C)	Todd, Seattle	FY64	2 Feb 66	24 Apr 67	22 Nov 69	14 Dec 91	11 Jan 95
DE-1054	Gray	Knox (SCB-199C)	Todd, Seattle	FY64	19 Nov 66	3 Nov 67	4 Apr 70	29 Sep 91	11 Jan 95
DE-1055	Hepburn	Knox (SCB-199C)	Todd, San Pedro	FY64	1 Jun 66	25 Mar 67	3 Jul 69	20 Dec 91	11 Jan 95	Sunk as target on 4 Jun 2002.
DE-1056	Connole	Knox (SCB-199C)	Avondale	FY64	23 Mar 67	20 Jul 68	30 Aug 69	30 Aug 92	11 Jan 95	Transferred to Greece in 1992 as Ipiros. Decommissioned 2003 and sunk as target in 2006.
DE-1057	Rathburne	Knox (SCB-199C)	Lockheed	FY64	8 Jan 68	2 May 69	16 May 70	14 Feb 92	11 Jan 95	Sunk as target on 5 Jul 2002 during RIMPAC 2002.
DE-1058	Meyerkord	Knox (SCB-199C)	Todd, San Pedro	FY64	1 Sep 66	15 Jul 67	28 Nov 69	14 Dec 91	11 Jan 95
DE-1059	W. S. Sims	Knox (SCB-199C)	Avondale	FY64	10 Apr 67	4 Jan 69	3 Jan 70	6 Sep 91	11 Jan 95	Transferred to Turkey on 21 Dec 1999 as spare parts hulk.
DE-1060	Lang	Knox (SCB-199C)	Todd, San Pedro	FY64	25 Mar 67	17 Feb 68	28 Mar 70	12 Dec 91	11 Jan 95
DE-1061	Patterson	Knox (SCB-199C)	Avondale	FY64	12 Oct 67	3 May 69	14 Mar 70	30 Sep 91	11 Jan 95	Was considered a possible parts hulk for Greece, but this sale did not go through. Scrapped.
DE-1062	Whipple	Knox (SCB-199C)	Todd, Seattle	FY65	24 Apr 67	12 Apr 68	22 Aug 70	14 Feb 92	11 Jan 95	Given to Mexico as ARM Mina.
DE-1063	Reasoner	Knox (SCB-199C)	Lockheed	FY65	6 Jan 69	1 Aug 70	31 Jul 71	28 Aug 93	11 Jan 95	Given to Turkey in 1993 as Kocatepe. Bought outright on 22 Feb 2002.
DE-1064	Lockwood	Knox (SCB-199C)	Todd, Seattle	FY65	3 Nov 67	5 Sep 68	5 Dec 70	27 Sep 93	27 Sep 93
DE-1065	Stein	Knox (SCB-199C)	Lockheed	FY65	1 Jun 70	19 Dec 70	8 Jan 72	19 Mar 92	11 Jan 95	Given to Mexico as ARM Ignacio Allende.
DE-1066	Marvin Shields	Knox (SCB-199C)	Todd, Seattle	FY65	12 Apr 68	23 Oct 69	10 Apr 71	2 Jul 92	11 Jan 95	Given to Mexico as ARM Abasolo.
DE-1067	Francis Hammond	Knox (SCB-199C)	Todd, San Pedro	FY65	15 Jul 67	11 May 68	25 Jul 70	2 Jul 92	11 Jan 95
DE-1068	Vreeland	Knox (SCB-199C)	Avondale	FY65	20 Mar 68	14 Jun 69	13 Jun 70	30 Jun 92	11 Jan 95	Given to Greece on 30 Jun 1992 as Macedonia. Decommissioned Jan 1999.
DE-1069	Bagley	Knox (SCB-199C)	Lockheed	FY65	22 Sep 70	24 Apr 71	6 May 72	26 Sep 91	11 Jan 95
DE-1070	Downes	Knox (SCB-199C)	Todd, Seattle	FY65	5 Sep 68	13 Dec 69	28 Aug 71	5 Jun 92	11 Jan 95	Sunk as Target off Mare Island on 15 Aug 2003.
DE-1071	Badger	Knox (SCB-199C)	Todd, San Pedro	FY65	17 Feb 68	7 Dec 68	1 Dec 70	20 Dec 91	11 Jan 95	Sunk as Target on 22 Jul 1998 during RIMPAC 98.
DE-1072	Blakely	Knox (SCB-199C)	Avondale	FY65	3 Jun 68	23 Aug 69	18 Jul 70	15 Nov 91	11 Jan 95
DE-1073	Robert E. Peary (Ex Conolly)	Knox (SCB-199C)	Lockheed	FY65	20 Dec 70	23 Jun 71	23 Sep 72	7 Aug 92	11 Jan 95	Renamed on 12 May 1971.
DE-1074	Harold E. Holt	Knox (SCB-199C)	Todd, San Pedro	FY65	11 May 68	3 May 69	26 Mar 71	2 Jul 92	11 Jan 95	Sunk in RIMPAC 2002 on 10 Jul 2002.
DE-1075	Trippe	Knox (SCB-199C)	Avondale	FY65	29 Jul 68	1 Nov 69	19 Sep 70	30 Jul 92	11 Jan 95	Given to Greece in Jul 1992 as Thraki. Decommissioned 6 Mar 2001 and later sunk as target.
DE-1076	Fanning	Knox (SCB-199C)	Todd, San Pedro	FY65	7 Dec 68	24 Jan 70	23 Jul 71	31 Jul 93	11 Jan 95	Given to Turkey on 31 Jul 1993 as Adatepe. Decommissioned 2001.
DE-1077	Ouellet	Knox (SCB-199C)	Avondale	FY65	15 Jan 69	17 Jan 70	12 Dec 70	6 Aug 93	11 Jan 95	Given to Thailand as Phutthaloetla Naphalai.
DE-1078	Joseph Hewes	Knox (SCB-199C)	Avondale	FY66	15 May 69	7 Mar 70	24 Apr 71	30 Jun 94	11 Jan 95	Given to Taiwan as Lan Yang.
DE-1079	Bowen	Knox (SCB-199C)	Avondale	FY66	11 Jul 69	2 May 70	22 May 71	30 Jun 94	11 Jan 95	Given to Turkey.
DE-1080	Paul	Knox (SCB-199C)	Avondale	FY66	12 Sep 69	20 Jun 70	14 Aug 71	14 Aug 92	11 Jan 95	Given to Turkey on 9 Jan 2000.
DE-1081	Aylwin	Knox (SCB-199C)	Avondale	FY66	13 Nov 69	29 Aug 70	18 Sep 71	15 May 92	11 Jan 95	Given to Taiwan on 29 Apr 1998 as Ni Yang.
DE-1082	Elmer Montgomery	Knox (SCB-199C)	Avondale	FY66	23 Jan 70	21 Nov 70	30 Oct 71	30 Jun 93	30 Jun 93	Given to Turkey on 13 Dec 1993.
DE-1083	Cook	Knox (SCB-199C)	Avondale	FY66	20 Mar 70	23 Jan 71	18 Dec 71	30 Apr 92	11 Jan 95	Given to Taiwan on 29 Sep 1999 as Hai-Yang.
DE-1084	McCandless	Knox (SCB-199C)	Avondale	FY66	4 Jun 70	20 Mar 71	18 Mar 72	6 May 94	11 Jan 95	Given to Turkey on 2 Feb 2002.
DE-1085	Donald B. Beary	Knox (SCB-199C)	Avondale	FY66	24 Jul 70	22 May 71	22 Jul 72	20 May 94	11 Jan 95	Leased to Turkey from 1995 onwards as Karadeniz. Formally sold on 2 Feb 2002.
DE-1086	Brewton	Knox (SCB-199C)	Avondale	FY66	2 Oct 70	24 Jul 71	8 Jul 72	2 Jul 92	11 Jan 95	Given to Taiwan on 26 Sep 1999 as Fong Yang.
DE-1087	Kirk	Knox (SCB-199C)	Avondale	FY66	4 Dec 70	25 Sep 71	9 Sep 72	6 Aug 93	11 Jan 95	Given to Taiwan as Fen Yang.
DE-1088	Barbey	Knox (SCB-199C)	Avondale	FY67	5 Feb 71	4 Dec 71	11 Nov 72	20 Mar 92	11 Jan 95	Given to Taiwan on 29 Sep 1999 as Hwai Yang.
DE-1089	Jesse L. Brown	Knox (SCB-199C)	Avondale	FY67	8 Apr 71	18 Mar 72	17 Feb 73	27 Jul 94	11 Jan 95	Given to Egypt on 27 Jul 1994 as Damiyat
DE-1090	Ainsworth	Knox (SCB-199C)	Avondale	FY67	11 Jun 71	15 Apr 72	31 Mar 73	27 May 94	11 Jan 95	Given to Turkey on 27 May 1994 as Ege. Decommissioned 21 Mar 2005. Museum ship in Turkey.
DE-1091	Miller	Knox (SCB-199C)	Avondale	FY67	6 Aug 71	3 Jun 72	30 Jun 73	15 Oct 91	11 Jan 95	Given to Turkey as hulk on 19 Jul 1999. Sunk in SEAWOLF 2001 exercise in Jun 2001.
DE-1092	Thomas C. Hart	Knox (SCB-199C)	Avondale	FY67	8 Oct 71	12 Aug 72	28 Jul 73	30 Aug 93	11 Jan 95	Given to Turkey,
DE-1093	Capodanno	Knox (SCB-199C)	Avondale	FY67	25 Feb 72	21 Oct 72	17 Nov 73	30 Jul 93	11 Jan 95	Given to Turkey after being leased.
DE-1094	Pharris	Knox (SCB-199C)	Avondale	FY67	22 Mar 72	16 Dec 72	26 Jan 74	25 Apr 92	11 Jan 95	Given to Mexico in 1992 as ARM Victoria.
DE-1095	Truett	Knox (SCB-199C)	Avondale	FY67	27 Apr 72	3 Feb 73	1 Jun 74	30 Jul 94	11 Jan 95	Leased to Thailand in 1994 as Phutthayotfa Chulalok. Sold on 9 Dec 1999.
DE-1096	Valdez	Knox (SCB-199C)	Avondale	FY67	30 Jun 72	24 Mar 73	27 Jul 74	16 Dec 91	11 Jan 95	Leased to Taiwan on 29 Apr 1998 as Yi Yang.
DE-1097	Moinester	Knox (SCB-199C)	Avondale	FY67	25 Aug 72	12 May 73	2 Nov 74	28 Jul 94	11 Jan 95	Leased to Egypt on 28 Jun 1994 as Rasheed. Sold on 25 Mar 1998.
DE-1098	Unnamed	Knox (SCB-199C)	Unknown	FY68	No	No	No	No	No	Cancelled on 24 Feb 1969 to cover cost overruns in nuclear submarine programs.
DE-1099	Unnamed	Knox (SCB-199C)	Unknown	FY68	No	No	No	No	No	Cancelled on 24 Feb 1969 to cover cost overruns in nuclear submarine programs.
DE-1100	Unnamed	Knox (SCB-199C)	Unknown	FY68	No	No	No	No	No	Cancelled on 24 Feb 1969 to cover cost overruns in nuclear submarine programs.
DE-1101	Unnamed	DE-1101	Unknown	FY68	No	No	No	No	No	Cancelled on 9 Apr 1969. Planned as experimental gas turbine ship.
DE-1102	Unnamed	Knox (SCB-199C)	Unknown	FY68	No	No	No	No	No	Deferred in 1968 to permit Spruance Program. Cancelled on 24 Feb 1969 to cover cost overruns in nuclear submarine programs.
DE-1103	Unnamed	Knox (SCB-199C)	Unknown	FY68	No	No	No	No	No	Deferred in 1968 to permit Spruance Program. Cancelled on 24 Feb 1969 to cover cost overruns in nuclear submarine programs.
DE-1104	Unnamed	Knox (SCB-199C)	Unknown	FY68	No	No	No	No	No	Deferred in 1968 to permit Spruance Program. Cancelled on 24 Feb 1969 to cover cost overruns in nuclear submarine programs.
DE-1105	Unnamed	Knox (SCB-199C)	Unknown	FY68	No	No	No	No	No	Deferred in 1968 to permit Spruance Program. Cancelled on 24 Feb 1969 to cover cost overruns in nuclear submarine programs.
DE-1106	Unnamed	Knox (SCB-199C)	Unknown	FY68	No	No	No	No	No	Deferred in 1968 to permit Spruance Program. Cancelled on 24 Feb 1969 to cover cost overruns in nuclear submarine programs.
DE-1107	Unnamed	Knox (SCB-199C)	Unknown	FY68	No	No	No	No	No	Deferred in 1968 to permit Spruance Program. Cancelled on 24 Feb 1969 to cover cost overruns in nuclear submarine programs.

Research Destroyer Escort / Frigate Lineage

Hull #	Name	Class	Shipyard	FY	LAID	LNCH	COMM	DECOM	STRICK	Notes
AGDE-1 AGFF-1 FF-1098	Glover	Glover	Bath	FY60 FY61	29 Jul 63	17 Apr 65	13 Nov 65	15 Jun 90	20 Nov 92	Originally ordered as AGER-158 under FY60, cancelled on 16 Dec 1959 and reordered as AGER-163 in the FY61 program. Redesignated AGDE-1. On 1 Oct 1979, assigned to regular frigate duties and given the hull number of a cancelled Knox (FF-1098). On 15 Jun 1990, transferred to MSC as sonar trials ship (unarmed). Served until 1992 when stricken.

Guided Missile Destroyer Escort Lineage

Hull #	Name	Class	Shipyard	FY	LAID	LNCH	COMM	DECOM	STRICK	Notes
DEG-1	Brooke	Brooke (SCB-199B)	Puget Sd. Br.	FY62	19 Dec 62	19 Jul 63	12 Mar 66	16 Sep 88	2 Jan 94	Given to Pakistan on 8 Feb 1989 as Khaiber. Returned to US on 14 Nov 1993 and sold for scrap on 29 Mar 1994.
DEG-2	Ramsey	Brooke (SCB-199B)	Puget Sd. Br.	FY62	4 Feb 63	15 Oct 63	3 Jun 67	1 Sep 88	25 Jan 92	Sunk as target on 15 Jun 2000.
DEG-3	Schofield	Brooke (SCB-199B)	Puget Sd. Br.	FY62	15 Apr 63	7 Dec 63	11 May 68	8 Sep 88	25 Jan 92	Sunk as target on 2 Nov 1999.
DEG-4	Talbot	Brooke (SCB-199B)	Bath	FY63	4 May 64	6 Jan 66	22 Apr 67	30 Sep 88	29 Nov 93	Sold to Pakistan on 31 May 1989 as Hunain. Returned to US at Singapore on 29 Nov 1993. Sold for Scrap on 29 Mar 1994.
DEG-5	Richard L. Page	Brooke (SCB-199B)	Bath	FY63	4 Jan 65	4 Apr 66	5 Aug 67	30 Sep 88	12 Jan 94	Sold to Pakistan on 31 Mar 1989 as Tabuk. Reclaimed after Nuke Tests.
DEG-6	Julius A. Furer (Ex Furer)	Brooke (SCB-199B)	Bath	FY63	12 Jul 65	22 Jul 66	11 Nov 67	31 Jan 89	2 Feb 94	Renamed on 5 Apr 1966. Sold to Pakistan on 31 Jan 1989 as Badr. Reclaimed by US after Nuke tests.
DEG-7	SPS Baleares	Baleares Class	Bazan	FY65	31 Oct 68	20 Aug 70	No	No	No	MDAP procurement. Formally turned over to Spain on 24 Sep 1973
DEG-8	SPS Andalucia	Baleares Class	Bazan	FY65	2 Jul 69	30 Mar 71	No	No	No	MDAP procurement. Formally turned over to Spain on 23 May 1974
DEG-9	SPS Cataluna	Baleares Class	Bazan	FY65	20 Aug 70	3 Nov 71	No	No	No	MDAP procurement. Formally turned over to Spain on 16 Jan 1975
DEG-10	SPS Asturias	Baleares Class	Bazan	FY65	30 Mar 71	13 May 72	No	No	No	MDAP procurement. Formally turned over to Spain on 2 Dec 1975
DEG-11	SPS Extremadura	Baleares Class	Bazan	FY65	3 Nov 71	21 Nov 72	No	No	No	MDAP procurement. Formally turned over to Spain on 10 Nov 1976

Guided Missile Frigate Lineage

Hull #	Name	Class	Shipyard	FY	LAID	LNCH	COMM	DECOM	STRICK	Notes
FFG-1 (ex DEG-1)	Brooke	Brooke (SCB-199B)	Puget Sd. Br.	FY62	19 Dec 62	19 Jul 63	12 Mar 66	16 Sep 88	2 Jan 94	Given to Pakistan on 8 Feb 1989 as Khaiber. Returned to US on 14 Nov 1993 and sold for scrap on 29 Mar 1994.
FFG-2 (ex DEG-2)	Ramsey	Brooke (SCB-199B)	Puget Sd. Br.	FY62	4 Feb 63	15 Oct 63	3 Jun 67	1 Sep 88	25 Jan 92	Sunk as target on 15 Jun 2000.
FFG-3 (ex DEG-3)	Schofield	Brooke (SCB-199B)	Puget Sd. Br.	FY62	15 Apr 63	7 Dec 63	11 May 68	8 Sep 88	25 Jan 92	Sunk as target on 2 Nov 1999.
FFG-4 (ex DEG-4)	Talbot	Brooke (SCB-199B)	Bath	FY63	4 May 64	6 Jan 66	22 Apr 67	30 Sep 88	29 Nov 93	Sold to Pakistan on 31 May 1989 as Hunain. Returned to US at Singapore on 29 Nov 1993. Sold for Scrap on 29 Mar 1994.
FFG-5 (ex DEG-5)	Richard L. Page	Brooke (SCB-199B)	Bath	FY63	4 Jan 65	4 Apr 66	5 Aug 67	30 Sep 88	12 Jan 94	Sold to Pakistan on 31 Mar 1989 as Tabuk. Reclaimed after Nuke Tests.
FFG-6 (ex DEG-6)	Julius A. Furer (Ex Furer)	Brooke (SCB-199B)	Bath	FY63	12 Jul 65	22 Jul 66	11 Nov 67	31 Jan 89	2 Feb 94	Renamed on 5 Apr 1966. Sold to Pakistan on 31 Jan 1989 as Badr. Reclaimed by US after Nuke tests.
FFG-7	Oliver Hazard Perry	Oliver Hazard Perry (FFG-7 Flight I SH)	Bath	FY73	12 Jun 75	25 Sep 76	17 Dec 77	20 Feb 97	3 May 99	Scrapped.
FFG-8	McInerney	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Bath	FY75	16 Jan 78	4 Nov 78	15 Dec 79	31 Aug 10		Given to Pakistan as Alamgir.
FFG-9	Wadsworth	Oliver Hazard Perry (FFG-7 Flight I SH)	Todd, San Pedro	FY75	13 Jul 77	29 Jul 78	2 Apr 80	28 Jun 02	23 Jul 02	Given to Poland as General Tadeusz Kosciuszko
FFG-10	Duncan	Oliver Hazard Perry (FFG-7 Flight I SH)	Todd, Seattle	FY75	29 Apr 77	1 Mar 78	24 May 80	17 Dec 94	5 Jan 98	Sold to Turkey on 5 Apr 1999 as a parts hulk.
FFG-11	Clark	Oliver Hazard Perry (FFG-7 Flight I SH)	Bath	FY76	17 Jul 78	24 Mar 79	17 May 80	15 Mar 00	15 Mar 00	Given to Poland on 15 Mar 2000 as General K. Pulaski.
FFG-12	George Philip	Oliver Hazard Perry (FFG-7 Flight I SH)	Todd, San Pedro	FY76	14 Dec 77	16 Dec 78	15 Nov 80	15 Mar 03	24 May 04	Was to be given to Portugese Navy in 2004, but Portugese changed minds and got Dutch Frigates. Was then to be given to Turkish Navy in 2008; but the offer was dropped.
FFG-13	Samuel Eliot Morison (Ex Samuel E. Morison)	Oliver Hazard Perry (FFG-7 Flight I SH)	Bath	FY76	4 Dec 78	14 Jul 79	11 Oct 80	10 Apr 02	23 Jul 02	Renamed on 17 Aug 1979. Sold to Turkey on 11 Apr 2002 as Gokova.
FFG-14	Sides	Oliver Hazard Perry (FFG-7 Flight I SH)	Todd, San Pedro	FY76	7 Aug 78	19 May 79	30 May 81	28 Feb 03	24 May 04
FFG-15	Estocin	Oliver Hazard Perry (FFG-7 Flight I SH)	Bath	FY76	2 Apr 79	3 Nov 79	10 Jan 81	3 Apr 03	3 Apr 03	Given to Turkey on 3 Apr 2003 as Göksu.
FFG-16	Clifton Sprague	Oliver Hazard Perry (FFG-7 Flight I SH)	Bath	FY76	30 Jul 79	16 Feb 80	21 Mar 81	2 Jun 95	4 Sep 97	Given to Turkey on 27 Aug 1997 as Gaziantep.
FFG-17	HMAS Adelaide	Oliver Hazard Perry (FFG-7 Flight I SH)	Todd, Seattle	FY76	29 Jul 77	21 Jun 78	No	No	No	Built in US for Australia. Formally turned over to Australia on 15 Nov 1980
FFG-18	HMAS Canberra	Oliver Hazard Perry (FFG-7 Flight I SH)	Todd, Seattle	FY76	1 Mar 78	1 Dec 78	No	No	No	Built in US for Australia. Formally turned over to Australia on 21 Mar 1981
FFG-19	John A. Moore	Oliver Hazard Perry (FFG-7 Flight I SH)	Todd, San Pedro	FY77	19 Dec 78	20 Oct 79	14 Nov 81	1 Sep 00	1 Sep 00	Given to Turkey in 2000 as Gediz.
FFG-20	Antrim	Oliver Hazard Perry (FFG-7 Flight I SH)	Todd, Seattle	FY77	21 Jun 78	27 Mar 79	26 Sep 81	8 May 96	4 Sep 97	Given to Turkey on 27 Aug 1997 as Giresun.
FFG-21	Flatley	Oliver Hazard Perry (FFG-7 Flight I SH)	Bath	FY77	13 Nov 79	15 May 80	20 Jun 81	11 May 96	10 Oct 01	Given to Turkey on 27 Aug 1998 as Gemlik.
FFG-22	Fahrion	Oliver Hazard Perry (FFG-7 Flight I SH)	Todd, Seattle	FY77	1 Dec 78	24 Aug 79	16 Jan 82	31 Mar 98	31 Mar 98	Given to Egypt on 15 Mar 1998 as Sharm El-Sheik.
FFG-23	Lewis B. Puller	Oliver Hazard Perry (FFG-7 Flight I SH)	Todd, San Pedro	FY77	23 May 79	15 Mar 80	17 Apr 82	18 Sep 98	18 Sep 98	Given to Egypt on 18 Sep 1998 as Toushka.
FFG-24	Jack Williams	Oliver Hazard Perry (FFG-7 Flight I SH)	Bath	FY77	25 Feb 80	30 Aug 80	19 Sep 81	13 Sep 96	13 Sep 96	Given to Bahrain on 13 Sep 1996 as Sabha.
FFG-25	Copeland	Oliver Hazard Perry (FFG-7 Flight I SH)	Todd, San Pedro	FY77	24 Oct 79	26 Jul 80	7 Aug 82	18 Sep 96	18 Sep 96	Given to Egypt on 18 Sep 1996 as Mubarak.
FFG-26	Gallery	Oliver Hazard Perry (FFG-7 Flight I SH)	Bath	FY77	17 May 80	20 Dec 80	5 Dec 81	14 Jun 96	14 Jun 96	Given to Egypt on 25 Sep 1996 as Taba.
FFG-27	Mahlon S. Tisdale	Oliver Hazard Perry (FFG-7 Flight I SH)	Todd, San Pedro	FY78	19 Mar 80	7 Feb 81	13 Nov 82	27 Sep 96	20 Feb 98	Given to Turkey on 5 Apr 1999 as Gökçeada.
FFG-28	Boone	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Todd, Seattle	FY78	27 Mar 79	16 Jan 80	15 May 82	23 Feb 12
FFG-29	Stephen W. Groves	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Bath	FY78	16 Sep 80	4 Apr 81	17 Apr 82	24 Feb 12
FFG-30	Reid	Oliver Hazard Perry (FFG-7 Flight I SH)	Todd, San Pedro	FY78	8 Oct 80	27 Jun 81	19 Feb 83	25 Sep 98	25 Sep 98	Given to Turkey on 5 Jan 1999 as Gelibolu.
FFG-31	Stark	Oliver Hazard Perry (FFG-7 Flight I SH)	Todd, Seattle	FY78	24 Aug 79	30 May 80	23 Oct 82	7 May 99	7 May 99	Struck by Exocet Missile on 17 May 1987, killing 37. Repaired. Scrapped in 2006.
FFG-32	John L. Hall	Oliver Hazard Perry (FFG-7 Flight I SH)	Bath	FY78	5 Jan 81	24 Jul 81	26 Jun 82	9 Mar 12
FFG-33	Jarrett	Oliver Hazard Perry (FFG-7 Flight I SH)	Todd, San Pedro	FY78	11 Feb 81	17 Oct 81	2 Jul 83	21 Apr 11		First USN warship to be commanded by a woman.
FFG-34	Aubrey Fitch	Oliver Hazard Perry (FFG-7 Flight I SH)	Bath	FY78	10 Apr 81	17 Oct 81	9 Oct 82	12 Dec 97	3 May 99	Scrapped in 2004.
FFG-35	HMAS Sydney	Oliver Hazard Perry (FFG-7 Flight I SH)	Todd, Seattle	FY78	16 Jan 80	26 Sep 80	No	No	No	Built in US for Australia. Formally turned over to Australia on 29 Jan 1983
FFG-36	Underwood	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Bath	FY79	30 Jul 81	6 Feb 82	29 Jan 83	8 Mar 13
FFG-37	Crommelin	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Todd, Seattle	FY79	30 May 80	1 Jul 81	18 Jun 83	26 Oct 12		Sunk on 19 July 2016 as part of RIMPAC 2016. Was target of first LCS-launched Harpoon; which missed.
FFG-38	Curts	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Todd, San Pedro	FY79	1 Jul 81	6 Mar 82	8 Oct 83	25 Jan 13
FFG-39	Doyle	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Bath	FY79	23 Oct 81	22 May 82	21 May 83	29 Jul 11
FFG-40	Halyburton	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Todd, Seattle	FY79	26 Sep 80	13 Oct 81	7 Jan 84	6 Sep 14
FFG-41	McClusky	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Todd, San Pedro	FY79	21 Oct 81	18 Sep 82	10 Dec 83	9 Jan 15		Originally intended to be sold to Mexican Navy circa 2014; sale fell through and disposed of on 19 Jul 2018 during RIMPAC 2018.
FFG-42	Klakring	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Bath	FY79	19 Feb 82	18 Sep 82	20 Aug 83	22 Mar 13
FFG-43	Thatch	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Todd, San Pedro	FY79	6 Mar 82	18 Dec 82	17 Mar 84	1 Nov 13	15 Nov 13	Sunk 14 July 2016 in RIMPAC 2016. Took 12 hours to sink despite being hit by four Harpoons, bombs, and Hellfires, plus torpedo.
FFG-44	HMAS Darwin	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Todd, Seattle	FY80	2 Jul 81	26 Mar 82	No	No	No	Built in US for Australia. Formally turned over to Australia on 21 Jul 1984
FFG-45	De Wert (Ex Dewert)	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Bath	FY80	14 Jun 82	18 Dec 82	19 Nov 83	4 Apr 14		Renamed on 2 Dec 1982.
FFG-46	Rentz	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Todd, San Pedro	FY80	18 Sep 82	16 Jul 83	30 Jun 84	23 May 14		Sunk via SINKEX in 2016 after 5 hours and 22 missile hits.
FFG-47	Nicholas	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Bath	FY80	27 Sep 82	23 Apr 83	10 Mar 84	10 Mar 14
FFG-48	Vandegrift	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Todd, Seattle	FY80	13 Oct 81	15 Oct 82	24 Nov 84	19 Feb 15	31 Mar 15
FFG-49	Robert G. Bradley	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Bath	FY80	28 Dec 82	13 Aug 83	11 Aug 84	28 Mar 14
FFG-50	Taylor	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Bath	FY81	5 May 83	5 Nov 83	1 Dec 84	8 May 15		Transferred to Taiwan as ROCS Ming-chuan (PFG-1112) on 8 Nov 2018.
FFG-51	Gary	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Todd, San Pedro	FY81	18 Dec 82	19 Nov 83	17 Nov 84	23 Jul 15		Transferred to Taiwan as ROCS Feng Jia (PFG-1115) on 8 Nov 2018.
FFG-52	Carr	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Todd, Seattle	FY81	26 Mar 82	26 Feb 83	27 Jul 85	13 Mar 13
FFG-53	Hawes	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Bath	FY81	22 Aug 83	18 Feb 84	9 Feb 85	10 Dec 10		Was only ship in USN authorized to fly RADM Hawes' Jolly Roger Pirate Flag.
FFG-54	Ford	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Todd, San Pedro	FY81	16 Jul 83	23 Jun 84	29 Jun 85	31 Oct 13
FFG-55	Elrod	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Bath	FY81	21 Nov 83	12 May 84	6 Jul 85	30 Jan 15	30 Jan 15
FFG-56	Simpson	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Bath	FY82	27 Feb 84	31 Aug 84	9 Nov 85	29 Sep 15		Last active USN ship to have sunk an enemy vessel when decommissioned.
FFG-57	Reuben James	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Todd, San Pedro	FY82	19 Nov 83	8 Feb 85	22 Mar 86	18 Jul 13	1 Aug 13	Sunk by SM-6 in ASuW mode fired by DDG-53 in SINKEX on 18 January 2018.
FFG-58	Samuel B. Roberts	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Bath	FY82	21 May 84	8 Dec 84	12 Apr 86	22 May 15		Struck Iranian mine on 14 Apr 1988. Keel broken, but ship saved and returned to duty.
FFG-59	Kauffman	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Bath	FY83	8 Apr 85	29 Mar 86	28 Feb 87	18 Sep 15
FFG-60	Rodney M. Davis	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Todd, San Pedro	FY83	8 Feb 85	11 Jan 86	9 May 87	23 Jan 15	31 Mar 2015
FFG-61	Ingraham	McInerney (FFG-7 Flight II LH)	Todd, San Pedro	FY84	30 Mar 87	25 Jun 88	5 Aug 89	12 Nov 14	30 Jan 2015
FFG-62	Constellation	Constellation		30 Apr 2021	31 Aug 2022
FFG-63	Congress	Constellation		20 May 2021
FFG-64	Chesapeake	Constellation

Littoral Combat Ship (LCS) Lineage

Hull #	Name	Class	Shipyard	ORD	LAID	LNCH	COMM	DECOM	Notes
LCS-1	Freedom	Freedom (LCS-1)	Marinette Marine		2 Jun 2005	23 Sep 2006	8 Nov 2008	29 Sep 2021	Non Deployable Test-Ship.
LCS-2	Independence	Independence (LCS-2)	Austal USA		19 Jan 2006	26 Apr 2008	16 Jan 2010	29 Jul 2021	Non Deployable Test-Ship.
LCS-3	Fort Worth	Freedom (LCS-1)	Marinette Marine		11 Jul 2009	7 Dec 2010	22 Sep 2012	ACTIVE	Non Deployable Test-Ship.
LCS-4	Coronado	Independence (LCS-2)	Austal USA		17 Dec 2009	14 Jan 2012	5 Apr 2014	14 Sep 2022	Non Deployable Test-Ship.
LCS-5	Milwaukee	Freedom (LCS-1)	Marinette Marine		27 Oct 2011	18 Dec 2013	21 Nov 2015	ACTIVE
LCS-6	Jackson	Independence (LCS-2)	Austal USA		1 Aug 2011	14 Dec 2013	5 Dec 2015	ACTIVE
LCS-7	Detroit	Freedom (LCS-1)	Marinette Marine		11 Aug 2012	18 Oct 2014	22 Oct 2016	ACTIVE
LCS-8	Montgomery	Independence (LCS-2)	Austal USA		25 Jun 2013	6 Aug 2014	10 Sep 2016	ACTIVE
LCS-9	Little Rock	Freedom (LCS-1)	Marinette Marine		27 Jun 2013	18 Jul 2015	16 Dec 2017	ACTIVE
LCS-10	Gabrielle Giffords	Independence (LCS-2)	Austal USA		16 Apr 2014	25 Feb 2015	10 Jun 2017	ACTIVE
LCS-11	Sioux City	Freedom (LCS-1)	Marinette Marine		19 Feb 2014	30 Jan 2016	17 Nov 2018	ACTIVE
LCS-12	Omaha	Independence (LCS-2)	Austal USA		18 Feb 2015	20 Nov 2015	3 Feb 2018	ACTIVE
LCS-13	Wichita	Freedom (LCS-1)	Marinette Marine		9 Feb 2015	17 Sep 2016	12 Jan 2019	ACTIVE
LCS-14	Manchester	Independence (LCS-2)	Austal USA		29 Jun 2015	12 May 2016	26 May 2018	ACTIVE
LCS-15	Billings	Freedom (LCS-1)	Marinette Marine		2 Nov 2015	1 Jul 2017	3 Aug 2019	ACTIVE
LCS-16	Tulsa	Independence (LCS-2)	Austal USA		11 Jan 2016	16 Mar 2017	16 Feb 2019	ACTIVE
LCS-17	Indianapolis	Freedom (LCS-1)	Marinette Marine	10 Mar 2014	18 Jul 2016	18 Apr 2018
LCS-18	Charleston	Independence (LCS-2)	Austal USA	11 Mar 2014	28 Jun 2016	14 Sep 2017	2 Mar 2019	ACTIVE
LCS-19	St. Louis	Freedom (LCS-1)	Marinette Marine	10 Mar 2014	17 May 2017	15 Dec 2018
LCS-20	Cincinnati	Independence (LCS-2)	Austal USA	11 Mar 2014	10 Apr 2017	22 May 2018
LCS-21	Minneapolis-Saint Paul	Freedom (LCS-1)	Marinette Marine	1 Apr 2015	22 Feb 2018	15 Jun 2019
LCS-22	Kansas City	Independence (LCS-2)	Austal USA	1 Apr 2015	15 Nov 2017	19 Oct 2018	20 June 2020
LCS-23	Cooperstown	Freedom (LCS-1)	Marinette Marine		14 Aug 2018	19 Jan 2020
LCS-24	Oakland	Independence (LCS-2)	Austal USA	1 Apr 2015	20 Jul 2018	21 Jul 2019	17 Apr 2021
LCS-25	Marinette	Freedom (LCS-1)	Marinette Marine	1 Apr 2016	27 Mar 2019	31 Oct 2020
LCS-26	Mobile	Independence (LCS-2)	Austal USA	31 Mar 2016	14 Dec 2018	11 Jan 2020	22 May 2021
LCS-27	Nantucket	Freedom (LCS-1)	Marinette Marine	8 Oct 2017	9 Oct 2019	7 Aug 2021
LCS-28	Savannah	Independence (LCS-2)	Austal USA	27 June 2017	20 Sep 2019	8 Sep 2020	5 Feb 2022
LCS-29	Beloit	Freedom (LCS-1)	Marinette Marine	18 Sep 2018	22 Jul 2020	7 May 2022
LCS-30	Canberra	Independence (LCS-2)	Austal USA	8 Oct 2017	10 Mar 2020	30 Mar 2021
LCS-31	Cleveland	Freedom (LCS-1)	Marinette Marine	15 Jan 2019	16 Jun 2021
LCS-32	Santa Barbara	Independence (LCS-2)	Austal USA	18 Sep 2018	27 Oct 2020	12 Nov 2021	1 Apr 2023
LCS-34	Augusta	Independence (LCS-2)	Austal USA	18 Sep 2018	30 Jul 2021	23 May 2023
LCS-36	Kingsville	Independence (LCS-2)	Austal USA	16 Dec 2018	23 Feb 2022	27 Mar 2023
LCS-38	Pierre	Independence (LCS-2)	Austal USA	16 Dec 2018

U.S. Navy Destroyer Escort LineagesCold War to Modern

DE 1006 to DE 1107AGDE 1DEG 1 to DEG 11FFG 1 to FFG 61LCS 1 to LCS 38

(Created around 2010/2011)(Updated 16 April 2023)